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<title>Java Foundation Classes</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Java Foundation Classes</span></span>

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<p>The <b>Java Foundation Classes</b> (<b>JFC</b>) are a graphical framework for building portable <a href="Java_(programming_language)" title="Java (programming language)">Java</a>-based <a href="Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">graphical user interfaces</a> (GUIs). JFC consists of the <a href="Abstract_Window_Toolkit" title="Abstract Window Toolkit">Abstract Window Toolkit</a> (AWT), <a href="Swing_(Java)" title="Swing (Java)">Swing</a> and <a href="Java_2D" title="Java 2D">Java 2D</a>. Together, they provide a consistent user interface for Java programs, regardless of whether the underlying user interface system is <a href="Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a>, <a href="MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a> or <a href="Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

<p>AWT existed before JFC. <a href="Abstract_Window_Toolkit" title="Abstract Window Toolkit">AWT</a> was heavily criticized for being little more than a wrapper around the native graphical capabilities of the host platform. That meant that the standard <a href="Widget_(computing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Widget (computing)">widgets</a> in the AWT relied on those capabilities of the native widgets, requiring the developer to also be aware of the differences between host platforms.

</p><p>An alternative graphics library called the <a href="Internet_Foundation_Classes" title="Internet Foundation Classes">Internet Foundation Classes</a> was developed in more platform-independent code by <a href="Netscape_Communications_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Netscape Communications Corporation">Netscape</a>.

</p><p>At the same time, another graphics library, called <a href="Application_Foundation_Classes" title="Application Foundation Classes">Application Foundation Classes</a> (AFC), was developed independently by <a href="Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>. It was made to be easier to extend the graphic components, but was primarily aimed for use with the <a href="Microsoft_Java_Virtual_Machine" title="Microsoft Java Virtual Machine">Microsoft Java Virtual Machine</a>.

</p><p>On April 2, 1997, <a href="Sun_Microsystems" title="Sun Microsystems">Sun Microsystems</a> and <a href="Netscape_Communications_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Netscape Communications Corporation">Netscape</a> announced their intention to combine IFC with other technologies to form the "Java Foundation Classes".<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The "Java Foundation Classes" were later renamed "Swing", adding the capability for a <a href="Pluggable_look_and_feel" title="Pluggable look and feel">pluggable look and feel</a> of the widgets. This allowed Swing programs to maintain a platform-independent code base, but mimic the look of a native application. The release of JFC made IFC obsolete, and dropped interest for Microsoft's AFC.

</p><p>Using the Java programming language, Java Foundation Classes (JFC) are pre-written code in the form of class libraries (coded routines) that give the programmer a comprehensive set of graphical user interface (GUI) routines to use. The Java Foundation Classes are comparable to the <a href="Microsoft_Foundation_Class_Library" title="Microsoft Foundation Class Library">Microsoft Foundation Class Library</a> (MFC). JFC is an extension of the original Java Abstract Windowing Toolkit (AWT). Using JFC and Swing, an additional set of program components, a programmer can write programs that are independent of the windowing system within a particular operating system.

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<ul><li><a href="Standard_Widget_Toolkit" title="Standard Widget Toolkit">Standard Widget Toolkit</a></li>

<li><a href="Java_Class_Library" title="Java Class Library">Java Class Library</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120509230952/http://www2.prnewswire.com/cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=104&STORY=%2Fwww%2Fstory%2F84048&EDATE=">"Sun and Netscape to jointly develop Java Foundation Classes"</a>. <a href="Netscape_Communications_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Netscape Communications Corporation">Netscape Communications Corporation</a>. 1997-04-02. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.prnewswire.com/cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=104&STORY=/www/story/84048&EDATE=">the original</a> on 2012-05-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-07-14</span></span>.</cite></span>

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</style><div id="Java_desktop71" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Java_(software_platform)" title="Java (software platform)">Java</a> desktop</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">APIs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul>

<li><a href="Abstract_Window_Toolkit" title="Abstract Window Toolkit">Abstract Window Toolkit</a>

<ul><li><a href="Java_AWT_Native_Interface" title="Java AWT Native Interface">Java AWT Native Interface</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Standard_Widget_Toolkit" title="Standard Widget Toolkit">Standard Widget Toolkit</a></li>

<li><a href="Swing_(Java)" title="Swing (Java)">Swing</a>

<ul><li><a href="SwingWorker" title="SwingWorker">SwingWorker</a></li>

<li><a href="Pluggable_look_and_feel" title="Pluggable look and feel">Pluggable look and feel</a></li>

<li><a href="Synth_Look_and_Feel" title="Synth Look and Feel">synth Look and Feel</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Deprecated APIs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Java_applet" title="Java applet">Java applet</a></li>

<li><a href="Lightweight_User_Interface_Toolkit" title="Lightweight User Interface Toolkit">Lightweight User Interface Toolkit</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Open-source</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="JavaFX" title="JavaFX">JavaFX</a></li>

<li><a href="Java_OpenGL" title="Java OpenGL">Java OpenGL</a></li>

<li><a href="Java_Bindings_for_OpenGL" title="Java Bindings for OpenGL">Java Bindings for OpenGL</a></li>

<li><a href="Lightweight_Java_Game_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Lightweight Java Game Library">Lightweight Java Game Library</a>

<ul><li><a href="LibGDX" title="LibGDX">libGDX</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Application_Foundation_Classes" title="Application Foundation Classes">Application Foundation Classes</a></li>

<li><a href="Qt_Jambi" class="mw-redirect" title="Qt Jambi">Qt Jambi</a></li>

<li><a href="QuickTime_for_Java" title="QuickTime for Java">QuickTime for Java</a></li>

<li><a href="SwingLabs" title="SwingLabs">swingLabs</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://java.sun.com/products/jfc/">Official JFC website at Sun</a></li></ul></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2023-12-30" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Java_Foundation_Classes&oldid=1192663476">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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